Consider a good with external costs. Which of the following descriptions characterizes quantities of goods between the market equilibrium quantity and the allocatively efficient quantity?
a) These quantities will not be produced by the private market, but the government can add these quantities to production using a subsidy, resulting in higher economic efficiency.
b) These quantities will not be produced by the private market, but the government can add these quantities to production using a tax, resulting in higher economic efficiency.
c) These quantities will be produced by the private market, but the government can eliminate these quantities from production using a subsidy, resulting in higher economic efficiency.
d) These quantities will be produced by the private market, but the government can eliminate these quantities from production using a tax, resulting in higher economic efficiency.