what evolutionary advantage does compartmentalization of core metabolic processes offer eukaryotes? responses evolution of the mitochondria allowed eukaryotes to perform respiration. evolution of the mitochondria allowed eukaryotes to perform respiration. with the evolution of mitochondria in eukaryotes, the krebs cycle and electron transport chain also evolved. with the evolution of mitochondria in eukaryotes, the krebs cycle and electron transport chain also evolved. evolution of a nucleus in eukaryotes separates the processes of transcription and translation and they can be regulated separately. evolution of a nucleus in eukaryotes separates the processes of transcription and translation and they can be regulated separately. a nucleus in bacteria provides separation of respiration from transcription.