20. The provision of public goods requires a. competition among firms in the market b. lobbying c. trade protection d. none of the above 21. The English language is a. common good b. network public good c. private good d. pure public good 22. An open TV program, such the daily news, is a. private good b. pure public good c. rival public good d. state service 23. Which of the following is a pure public good? a. cannon b. highway c. both of the above d. none of the above 24. Which of the following is a rival public good? a. forest b. hospital c. both of the above d. none of the above 25. A negative externality is a. conflict relation with a foreign country b. deficit in external trade c. hurting effect of a private action on other people d. rain outdoors 26. The "Tragedy of the Commons" is a. discovery of corruption among members of the British parliament b. exhaustion of resources that are collectively owned c. outrageous crime in a Boston public park d. play by Arthur Miller 27. The creation of a "club" public good implies a. exclusion of some people from using equipments such as roads or bridges b. formation of a national sport team c. individual membership to use municipal facilities d. open door policy in a country club 28. In comparison with the late 19th century, the relative level of public expenditure in the United States in the early 21st century is; a. Lower b. About the same c. Higher d. about the same if military expenditure is discounted 29. Which of these countries has the highest proportion of public expenditure out of its gross domestic product? a. China B. Germany c. Mexico d. United States 30. The levels of public expenditure tend to expand with a. Civil wars b. Political freedom c. poverty and income inequality d. none of the above.