Chiara loves to draw with a pencil but decides, one day, to see if she can use her favorite pencil in a new way. She uses the tip of the pencil to make a series of holes in her sheet of white paper. She starts out by poking holes in a round circle, to make a face, and then proceeds to make eyes, a nose, a mouth, and ears for her face. Chiara's creative use of her favorite pencil is a good example of Vygotsky's concept of ________.
1) a mediated learning experience.
2) internalization.
3) appropriation.
4) adaptive incorporation.