The function ( f(x) ) is multiplied by a factor of 3 and then 2 is subtracted from the function ( f(x) = cos(x) ). What effect does this have?
a) The function is vertically stretched and shifted downwards.
b) The function is vertically compressed and shifted downwards.
c) The function is vertically stretched and shifted upwards.
d) The function is vertically compressed and shifted upwards.