Label the parts of the drawing below. include all of these terms: nucleotide, phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base, hydrogen bond, covalent bond, purine, pyrimidine, hydroxyl group, the 5' end, the 3' end, adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

Nucleotide:
It is the subunits and buIlding blocks of DNA. It is made up of a five-sided sugar, phosphate group and then a nitrogen base.

Phosphate and Sugar:
These groups make the backbone of the DNA helix. If you look at a DNA helix, they make the side of the ladder or the side portion. They connect to a nitrogen base which make the steps of the ladder. The type of sugar that is used in a DNA helix is called deoxyribose.

Nitrogen base:
Nitrogen bases are the molecules that make up the steps of the ladders. There are four different nitrogen bases, namely; Guanine, Thymine,Adenine and Cytosine.

Pyrimidines are compounds that make a single 6-sided ring. Examples of pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine.

Purines on the other hand make 5-sided and 6-sided rings. Examples of purines are Guanine and Adenine.

The nitrogen bases are help together through hydrogen bonds.

5' end and 3' end:

More commonly referred to as the five prime end and the three prime end. These terms indicate the carbon numbers of the backbone of a DNA. The five prime end is connected to a phosphate group while the three prime end is connected to a hydroxyl group.

marianaegarciaperedo marianaegarciaperedo · Answer 2 · 2022-01-10T14:51:49+01:00

DNA is a double-stranded molecule composed of nucleotides joined by hydrogen and covalent bonds, and which contain bases, sugar groups, and phosphate groups. In the attached files you will find the labeled image.

DNA is a double-stranded, linear polymer composed of different nucleotides joined by their extremes.

Nucleotides

These are monomers composed of a sugar molecule, joined with a phosphate group and a nitrogenated base.

Monomers are composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms, which establish covalent bonds.

Every monomer has a free H atom and a hydroxyl group (-OH) in the extremes. When two monomers get together, the H atom and the -OH join to form a water molecule, which is released.

The nucleotidic sequence composing the DNA molecule determines proteins. These proteins determine the traits in an organism.s.

Nitrogenated bases

Molecules carrying nitrogen and exhibiting the chemical properties of a base.

Nitrogenated bases are purines and pyrimidines.

⇒ Adenine and guanine derive from purines,

⇒ Thymine and Cytosine derive from Pyrimidines.

Adenine forms pairs with Timine, while Guanine pairs with Cytosine.

2 hydrogen bonds join the A-T pair, and 3 hydrogen bonds join the G-C pair.

Sugar group

The DNA sugar group is always a pentose.

It contains deoxyribose with hydroxyl modifications.

YOU CAN LEARN MORE ABOUT THE DNA STRUCTURE AT:

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