Let's call the five girls [tex] g_1, g_2, g_3, g_4 \text {and } g_5 [/tex].
Since every player plays against every other player exactly once, [tex] g_1 [/tex] has to play against [tex] g_2, g_3, g_4 \text {and } g_5 [/tex]. This are four maches.
[tex] g_2 [/tex] has already played against [tex] g_1 [/tex], so she has to play against [tex] g_3, g_4 \text {and } g_5 [/tex]. This are three matches.
[tex] g_3 [/tex] has already played against [tex] g_1 \text{ and } g_2 [/tex], so she has to play against [tex] g_4 \text {and } g_5 [/tex]. This are two matches.
[tex] g_4 [/tex] has already played against [tex] g_1, g_2 \text{ and } g_3 [/tex], so she has to play against [tex] g_5 [/tex]. This is one match.
So, the total is [tex] 4+3+2+1 = 10 [/tex] matches.