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The civilizations of Andean South America were much older than those of Mesoamerica. The Norte Chico civilization (also Caral or Caral-Supe civilization) was a complex pre-Columbian era society that included as many as 30 major population centers in what is now the Norte Chico region of north-central coastal Peru. The civilization flourished between the fourth and second millennia BC, with the formation of the first city generally dated to around 3500 BC, It is from 3200 BC onward that large-scale human settlement and communal construction become clearly apparent, which lasted until a period of decline around 1800 BC and was was contemporaneous with the Egyptian pyramids.
The oldest Mesoamerican civilization was the Olmec which arose about 1400 BCE.
The oldest Mesoamerican civilization was the Olmec which arose about 1400 BCE.
Middle America" the region extending from modern-day Mexico through Central America
Olmec
one of the earliest mesoamerican civilizations located on the southern Yucatan peninsula
Yucatan
the peninsula in southern Mexico that is the homeland of the Maya
Mayan
A member of an American Indian people of Yucatan and Belize and Guatemala who had a culture (which reached its peak between AD 300 and 900) characterized by outstanding architecture and pottery and astronomy.
Tikal
the largest ancient Mayan city in the northern part of Guatemala
Calakmul
...
Calander
major development of the mayans
Aztec
group from the north that invaded central Mexico; were first wandering warriors; built their capital city at Tenochtitlan; increased their power until they dominated central Mexico; built causeways, pyramids, marketplaces, and palaces; adopted Texacocco many customs from other cultures; used chinamapas for farming; militaristic society; known for human sacrifice and dedication to the sun god; ended when conquered by Spanish explorers in the 1500s
Valley of Mexico
valley in Mexico in which the numerous Mesoamerican civilizations, including the Aztecs, arose
Tenochtitlan
Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake.
Chinampas
Raised fields constructed along lake shores in Mesoamerica to increase agricultural yields.
Huitzilopochtli
The chief god of the Mexica or Aztec. Originally associated with war, as the empire grew, he became the Sun god and was worshiped throughout Mesoamerica. Aztecs believed he required a steady diet of human hearts.
Quetzalcoatl
Aztec nature god, feathered serpent, his disappearance and promised return coincided with the arrival of Cortes
Tlaloc
Major god of Aztecs; associated with fertility and the agricultural cycle; god of rain
Nanahuatzin
god who sacrificed himself to become the sun, worshipped by Aztecs, sacrificed humans to him
Teotihuacan
first major metropolis in Mesoamerica, collapsed around 800 CE. It is most remembered for the gigantic "pyramid of the sun".
Pyramid of the Sun
The largest single -structured monument in Mesoamerica which was built in the city of Teotihuacan in 100 CE by the Aztecs, occupies as much space as the pyramid of Khufu in Egypt, although it's half in size.
Pyramid of the Moon
A pyramid complex used for both symbolic functions and the production of military supplies and located at the north end of the Avenue of the Dead in Teotihuacan
Andes Mountains
the world's longest mountain chain, stretching along the west coast of South America
Chavin
The first major urban civilization in South America (900-250 B.C.E.). Its capital was located high in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Chavin became politically and economically dominant in a densely populated region.
Moche
Civilization of north coast of Peru (200-700 C.E.). An important Andean civilization that built extensive irrigation networks as well as impressive urban centers dominated by brick temples.
Olmec
one of the earliest mesoamerican civilizations located on the southern Yucatan peninsula
Yucatan
the peninsula in southern Mexico that is the homeland of the Maya
Mayan
A member of an American Indian people of Yucatan and Belize and Guatemala who had a culture (which reached its peak between AD 300 and 900) characterized by outstanding architecture and pottery and astronomy.
Tikal
the largest ancient Mayan city in the northern part of Guatemala
Calakmul
...
Calander
major development of the mayans
Aztec
group from the north that invaded central Mexico; were first wandering warriors; built their capital city at Tenochtitlan; increased their power until they dominated central Mexico; built causeways, pyramids, marketplaces, and palaces; adopted Texacocco many customs from other cultures; used chinamapas for farming; militaristic society; known for human sacrifice and dedication to the sun god; ended when conquered by Spanish explorers in the 1500s
Valley of Mexico
valley in Mexico in which the numerous Mesoamerican civilizations, including the Aztecs, arose
Tenochtitlan
Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake.
Chinampas
Raised fields constructed along lake shores in Mesoamerica to increase agricultural yields.
Huitzilopochtli
The chief god of the Mexica or Aztec. Originally associated with war, as the empire grew, he became the Sun god and was worshiped throughout Mesoamerica. Aztecs believed he required a steady diet of human hearts.
Quetzalcoatl
Aztec nature god, feathered serpent, his disappearance and promised return coincided with the arrival of Cortes
Tlaloc
Major god of Aztecs; associated with fertility and the agricultural cycle; god of rain
Nanahuatzin
god who sacrificed himself to become the sun, worshipped by Aztecs, sacrificed humans to him
Teotihuacan
first major metropolis in Mesoamerica, collapsed around 800 CE. It is most remembered for the gigantic "pyramid of the sun".
Pyramid of the Sun
The largest single -structured monument in Mesoamerica which was built in the city of Teotihuacan in 100 CE by the Aztecs, occupies as much space as the pyramid of Khufu in Egypt, although it's half in size.
Pyramid of the Moon
A pyramid complex used for both symbolic functions and the production of military supplies and located at the north end of the Avenue of the Dead in Teotihuacan
Andes Mountains
the world's longest mountain chain, stretching along the west coast of South America
Chavin
The first major urban civilization in South America (900-250 B.C.E.). Its capital was located high in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Chavin became politically and economically dominant in a densely populated region.
Moche
Civilization of north coast of Peru (200-700 C.E.). An important Andean civilization that built extensive irrigation networks as well as impressive urban centers dominated by brick temples.
