Assuming that this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the estimated frequency of the a allele is 0.47. And the estimated frequency of the A allele is 0.53.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium theory states that the allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q. Assuming a diallelic gene,
• p ⇒ frequency of the dominant allele,
• q ⇒ frequency of the recessive allele.
• p² (H0m0zyg0us dominant genotypic frequency),
• 2pq (Heter0zyg0us genotypic frequency),
• q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive genotypic frequency).
If a population is in H-W equilibrium, it gets the same allelic and genotypic frequencies generation after generation.
The addition of the allelic frequencies equals 1
p + q = 1.
The sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
According to this framework, to get the allelic frequency, first we should take the genotypic frequency of the recessive trait, F(aa).
F(aa) = q² = 264 / 1200 = 0.22
Now, we can get the allelic frequency f(a) = q
f(a) = q = √q² = √0.22 = 0.469 ≅ 0.47
Fynally, we can get f(A) = p by clearing the following equation,
p + q = 1
p = 1 - q
p = 1 - 0.47
p = 0.53
The estimated frequency of the a allele is 0.47.
The estimated frequency of the A allele is 0.53.
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