At room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure, covalent compounds may exist as a solid, a liquid, or a gas, whereas ionic compounds exist only as solids, Ionic compounds exist in stable crystalline structures. Therefore, they have higher melting and boiling points compared to covalent compounds.
Comparing ionic solids and liquids based on their differences
Ionic solids Ionic liquids
They have a high melting point They have a lower melting points
Poor conductors when in solid state Possess high thermal stability
Highly Brittle They are good solvents
They dissolve in polar solvents They are good conductors
Ionic solids are formed by the transfer of a valence electron by a metal ion from a donor atom to a recipient atom. The metal ion becomes a cation while the recipient ( Non-metal ion ) becomes an anion. an ionic solid is held together by an electrostatic force. while
Ionic liquids are formed by the poor coordination of cations and an anions in an ionic compound. Ionic liquids act as solvents because of its liquid form at room temperature.
Hence we can conclude that the basis for comparing ionic solids and liquids is as listed above.
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