1. New fossils are constantly being discovered and new stories about Earth's history are emerging. The millions of fossils that scientists have collected are documented in the fossil *

1 point



record



architecture



data base



library
2. A(n) _______________ is a inherited trait that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment. *

1 point



dominant trait



adaptation



homologous structure



evolutionary gene
3. If you are sick with a bacterial infection, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic. However, over time some antibiotics are no longer effective in killing the bacteria they once killed. How does the theory of evolution explain this? *

1 point



Genetic variation in bacteria made it possible for some individuals to have resistance to the antibiotic, survive, and reproduce.



After being exposed to the antibiotic, individual bacteria acquired the ability to resist the antibiotic.



The antibiotic mutated the bacteria, which allowed resistance to develop.



The antibiotic mutated to an ineffective form.
4. Scientists use fossils that have been found and compare homologous structures, vestigial structures, and DNA sequences among different organisms. From these comparisons, scientists learned that species with similar development patterns and body structures had a common *

1 point



gene



predator



ancestor



environment
5. How does natural selection lead to the evolution of a species? *

1 point



Advantageous traits accumulate among surviving members of the species.



Conditions in the environment reduce competition for resources within a species.



Environmental changes favor weaker members of the species.



Overproduction provides food for stronger members of the species.
6. Which of the following statements is true about natural selection and artificial selection? *

1 point



Males and females mate and produce offspring during natural selection, but not during artificial selection.



Selection pressures result in only certain traits from a population being passed on to offspring during natural selection, but not artificial selection.



Traits are passed to offspring through genes during artificial selection only.



Traits that make an organism more beneficial to humans are favored during artificial selection.
7. The fossil record is incomplete and does not contain all of the Earth's past organisms. Why have some organisms been found as fossils while others have not? *

1 point



Most organisms die and decompose without leaving any fossil remains.



Fossils only exist for organisms that lived over 3 million years ago.



Fossils only exist for organisms that had shells or hard outer body coverings.



Only very large organisms have enough body mass to result in fossil formation.
8. The butterflies in the picture below are all the same species, however they look very different. This demonstrates which principle of natural selection? *

1 point





competition



overproduction



selection



variation
9. This image is showing similar bone structures in 3 different species of animals. This suggests that these 3 animals share a common ancestor. What are these structures called? *

1 point





vestigial structures



trace fossils



homologous structures



analog structures
10. Fossilized animal scat is an example of which type of fossil *

1 point



trace fossil



body fossil



cast fossil



mold fossil