3. A car is driven at constant velocity along a level highway. Indicate the value of the net force and list all the main forces acting on the car to produce the net force. Clearly explain what produces or exerts each of the contact forces acting on the car and explain which forces are balanced.

A car is driven at a constant velocity even at this condition there are forces acting on the car but since these forces are balanced we have a constant velocity of the car.

We have the force of friction acting on the tyres of the car in a direction opposite to the relative motion of the tyre and the ground at the contact surface. This force supports rolling of the tyres which enables the car to move forward.

There is air-friction which offers the resistance to the movement of any object in the fluid medium. It is also known as the drag force. This opposes the movement of the car directly.

There will also be a constant force of acceleration acting on the car in the direction of motion of the car by its engine to support it to maintain its speed against the resistances.

ConcepcionPetillo ConcepcionPetillo · Answer 2 · 2022-03-11T08:13:45+01:00

The frictional force and the force generated by the tires of the car are balanced.

Newton's Laws of motion:

Given that the car is driven at a constant velocity on a level highway. which means there is no net force acting on the car since the velocity is constant, there is no acceleration, so there is no force. All the forces are balanced.

To move forward the car applies force against the ground through the tires, according to Newton's third law of motion, the ground applies the same amount of force against the tires. But here is a friction force between the tire and the ground.

In order to move, the car needs to generate a larger force than the friction force to overcome it, since the frictional force acts opposite to the motion of the car.

if the force generated by the tires is equal to the frictional force then there is no net force, so according to Newton's first law of motion, the car will remain at rest or in constant motion until an external force is applied.

So, when the car is moving at a constant velocity, the frictional force (including the air drag) and the force generated by the tires are balanced.

Also, the weight of the car and the normal reaction of the ground against the weight are balanced which keeps the car on the ground.

Learn more laws of motion:

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