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A man struggling at two jobs while attending community college at night constantly tells himself to cheer up because things will get better and he should congratulate himself for having a job at all. This is an example of ____.

A. emotional insulation
B. problem-focused coping
C. defensive self-deception
D. emotion-focused coping

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Answer:

This is an example of D. Emotion-focused coping.

Explanation:

This is a stress management technique in which an individual tries to lower negative emotional reactions to external stressors.

There are 2 types:

  • Positive: the individual tries to work things out through meditation, therapy, distractions, etc.
  • Negative: the individual suppresses the emotions and avoids them.

In this case, the man is carrying out a positive emotion-focused coping since he is constantly telling himself to cheer up, congratulating himself for his accomplishments in order to get through his struggles.