Answer:
- Incomplete dominance
- In the first cross, both parents are homozygous dominant for the red trait.
Explanation:
Incomplete dominance is a condition where neither of the alleles completely dominates over the other one. Dominant alleles cannot completely cover up the recessive alleles. Descendents possess an intermediate phenotype between the two parental phenotypes and not the dominant one, which would appear if this would be the case of complete dominance.
Cross 1-
Parents) AA x AA
Gametes) A A A A
F1) 100% AA, red
Cross 2-
Parents) aa x aa
Gametes) a a a a
F1) 100% aa, white
Cross 3-
Parents) AA x aa
Gametes) A A a a
F1) 100% AA, roan
Cross 4-
Parents) Aa x Aa
Gametes) A a A a
F1) 25% AA, red
50% Aa, roan
25% aa, white