Answer:
4. edifying
Explanation:
Effective communicating is important and it demands a basic understanding of different cultures. Communicating effectively with persons from some another culture needs a proper understanding of a number of cultural variables which lie on the surface.
Nancy L. Hoft provides seven major categories of cultural variables which lies "on the surface". These variables are :
Thus "edifying" is not a surface cultural variables.
Hence the correct option is (4)