5³ is the index form of 5×5².
Indices show how many times a number is multiplied by itself.
The index form of a number is a representation of the number in product form where the factors are the prime factors of the number raised to their highest powers.
For example 10=2×5, 100=2²×5², 125=5³, etc.
We get that 5×5²=5×5×5=5³.
Thus the index form of 5×5² is 5³.
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