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Cyanobacteria use water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight to create their food, and expel oxygen as a by-product. The real significance of stromatolites is that they are the earliest fossil evidence of life on Earth. ... They were the first known organisms to photosynthesis and produce free oxygen.
dylash2007

Answer:

One of the most significant events of the Archean was the evolution of stromatolites, which are a type of cyanobacteria that photosynthesize. Stromatolites first appeared about 2.7 billion years ago. During photosynthesis, they gave off oxygen, which led eventually to the oxygen-rich atmosphere on Earth. Once oxygen levels rose, Earth became habitable for more complex life forms that came later.

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