The so-called Zeigarnik effect refers to the tendency for people ____.​ ​to feel relatively less stress or suffering when they think that they have the option of escaping from a situation (compared to when they think they do not have the option of escaping) ​to give greater weight to potential losses than to potential gains when making decisions ​to make overly optimistic plans, failing to make allowances for unexpected events or problems ​to experience automatic, intrusive thoughts about a goal when pursuit of that goal has been interrupted