Elements are organized on the periodic table based on their properties. Which statement correctly predicts and explains the chemical reactivity of two different metals? Barium (Ba) is less reactive than calcium (Ca) because the valence electrons in calcium atoms are farther from the nuclei and harder to remove. Strontium (Sr) is more reactive than magnesium (Mg) because the valence electrons in strontium atoms are farther from the nuclei and harder to remove. Rubidium (Rb) is more reactive than sodium (Na) because the valence electrons in sodium atoms are closer to the nuclei and easier to remove. Lithium (Li) is less reactive than potassium (K) because the valence electrons in lithium atoms are closer to the nuclei and harder to remove.

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The periodic table is the representation of the elements. According to the table, Lithium is less reactive than potassium because of the valence electrons. Thus, option D is correct.

Why is lithium less reactive?

Lithium and potassium both are elements arranged in the periodic table and are placed in the same group I. The atomic number of lithium is 3, while potassium is 19.

The reactivity depends on the atomic size of the element and increases when one moves down in a periodic group. In group I, lithium has a small size as valence electrons are closer to the nucleus and harder to remove.

On the other hand, potassium has a higher atomic number and a larger size making its valence electron to be located at a larger space making them get easily eliminated.

Therefore, lithium is less reactive than potassium.

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