The solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. This process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.
Facilitated diffusion does not require energy from a cell because movement of molecules occur down a concentration gradient.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT:
Passive transport is a type of cellular transport used to describe the movement of molecules without energy input (ATP).
Facilitated diffusion is a type of passivetransport which involves the aid of transport proteins to move molecules down a concentration gradient.
Since facilitated diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient i.e. from higher concentration to lower concentration, it does not require energy to occur.
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