Radiation reaches the sea surface and heats the water. Primary producers are beneficiated and reproduce more. The temperature keeps enhancing. Productivity increases proportionally to the producers' growth.
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Sea biological activity is essential for global biogeochemical cycles. Different factors influence primary productivity -PP- on the sea surface. These are radiation, the capability of trapping photons (which depends on pigments concentration), nutrients availability, and temperature.
Temperature is one of the most significant ecological factors that influence PP. The temperature might directly or indirectly affect primary producers.
- Directly ⇒ regulates enzymatic respiration and photosynthesis processes.
- Indirectly ⇒ is responsible for a vertical gradient of temperature in seawater, which isolated the superficial stratum from the deepest region ⇒ Mainly in summer.
⇒ The superficial stratum is the euphotic zone.
⇒ The deepest stratum is the aphotic zone, rich in nutrients and poor phytoplanktonic growth.
The interaction between light, temperature, and nutrients determines primary producers' growth, which has a significant role in species succession.
Superficial sea layers receive more radiation than deeper areas, getting warmer (especially in summer). Organisms seem to be beneficiated and grow faster when the water temperature reaches the middle of their tolerance range. More organisms present in the superficial stratum increase primary productivity, as well as water the temperature.
In every aquatic ecosystem, primary productivity is seasonal. Winds, light, and nutrients vary over time, depending on environmental conditions, weather, and clime.
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