Fungi and bacteria decompose organic matter, contributing to the formation of soil organic matter since they return nitrogen and carbon to the environment.
How is the decomposition of organic matter?
- Fungi and bacteria break down residues and organic matter, excess nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon) are released into the soil in forms that can be used by plants (nutrient availability).
- The nitrogen released by these microorganisms is in the form of ammonium (NH4+) and thus readily available to the roots of plants and other organisms.
- By decomposing residues and storing carbon within their own biomass, soil biota play a very important role in nutrient recycling processes.
Therefore, we can conclude that the most important function of fungi and bacteria microorganisms is the breakdown of organic materials.
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