d. electronic monitoring
Home monitoring in its simplest term is the act of restricting the movement of an entity, object or an individual to a specified location, usually their homes.
In criminology, there are various levels of home monitoring. Some of them are;
i. Curfew: This type of home monitoring requires that the persons being monitored be indoors/at home at specified hours.
ii. Home incarceration: This level of home monitoring requires that the persons being monitored be indoors/at home at all times except in times of medical urgencies.
iii. Home detention: This seems to be one of the less strict forms of home monitoring. It requires that the persons being monitored be indoors/at home at all times except when necessary. For example, they could go to school, their workplace, to the market and so on.
Electronic monitoring is not a form of home monitoring as it allows the person being monitored to move freely. They might just contacted via telephone or any other means, at intervals to know their whereabouts.