Answer:
D) believed they would receive no benefit from increased contact with the Europeans.
Explanation:
Japan and China, in the beginning, did not welcome the European to entire their countries. Both considered themselves superior to the European with their manners and customs. They took control of the trading regularities by keeping the prices high for Europeans. Both the Chinese and Japanese believed to be culturally superior to Europeans and considered Europeans a barbarian who lacked manners and uncivilized compared to them. Both China and Japan adopted isolationism to prevent foreigners from threatening their values and society.