1. The Marshall Court played an enormous role by balancing the separation of power between the three arms of government through the establishment of judicial reviews.
Judicial reviews enabled the Supreme Court to give Congressional laws and executive actions constitutional interpretations.
Thus, the Marshall Court marked the period when John Marshall served as the Chief Justice of the Federation, during which the Supreme Court gained influence as an independent branch of the federal government.
2. The presidency of Thomas Jefferson marked the first time that power exchanged hands from one party (Federalists) to another (Democratic-Republicans). He enabled Anti-Federalists to gain some political identity.
On the other hand, the presidency of Andrew Jackson (1829 to 1837) ensured the emergence of the Democratic Party. He effectively separated the Democrats from the Republicans.
3. The Industrial Revolution affected labor, social structures, and economic developments variously. It increased wealth creation, productivity, the standard of living of workers. It also destroyed former social classes, enabling movement from poverty to prosperity.
Thus, the changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution resulted in greater prosperity. It also created new conflicts with increased labor strikes.
4. Republic values greatly shaped American life in its economy, family, politics, and religion.
Republican values promoted lower taxes, free-market capitalism, deregulation, and labor union restrictions.
Republic values imposed restrictions on immigration, abortions, and labor unionism.
In politics, Republic values increased military spending and gun rights.
5. The Second Great Awakening marked the religious revival of Protestant religion in America between 1795 and 1835. The Second Great Awakening helped social reform movements to develop, which represented countercultural movements. It gave life to the Slavery Abolition and Alcohol Prohibition Movements of the era.
6. The factors that increased the number of enslaved persons after the abolition of the Atlantic slave trade in 1809 were that many enslaved persons in America naturally gave birth to more slaves, and enslaved persons were not granted their freedom following slavery abolition.
Enslaved persons, however, resisted slavery by organizing various unsuccessful revolts through sabotage. Some enslaved persons feigned sickness. Others worked slowly, while some produced shoddy work, misplacing or damaging tools and equipment. Many more tried to escape or fought back physically and with words.
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