Considering the definition of dilution, 50 mL of a 4 M HCl solution you will require.
What is dilution
When it is desired to prepare a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one, it is called dilution.
Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.
In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.
A dilution is mathematically expressed as:
Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf
where
- Ci: initial concentration.
- Vi: initial volume.
- Cf: final concentration.
- Vf: final volume.
What is volume of a 4 M HCl solution
In this case, you know:
- Ci= 2 M
- Vi= 100 mL
- Cf= 4 M
- Vf= ?
Replacing in the definition of dilution:
2 M× 100 mL= 4 M× Vf
Solving:
Vf= (2 M× 100 mL)÷ 4 M
Vf= 50 mL
In summary, 50 mL of a 4 M HCl solution you will require.
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