A Punnett square is a diagrammatical representation in the form of a square that depicts the genotype and the phenotype. The traits written as a letter represent the alleles.
Alleles are the variant of the gene on the chromosome of the genetic material. Allele codes for the specific character of the organism that can be eye colour, hair colour, height, blood group etc.
The alleles on the genes can be recessive or dominant based on their expression in the organism. The dominant allele gets expressed while the recessive gets masked in the presence of the dominant.
The dominant alleles are represented by the capital and the recessive allele by the small letters of the alphabets. The alleles can also be present in purebred or heterozygotic conditions.
Therefore, the traits represent the option A. alleles.
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