Dalton: different elements have different masses, combination of elements, and atoms cant be broken down. The way he figured it out was he wondered how water and air performed experiments on mixtures of gases that certain gases maintained the same ratios.-law of proportions
Thomson: he concluded that atoms contained a particle that was 2,000 times lighter than an atom, and always had the same charge. The way he figured it out was cathode ray, and tube experiments.
Rutherford: Atoms are made up of a dense inner core( the nucleus) that has a positive charge. The way he figured it out was the gold foil experiment, and alpha particles form a gas were a shot at the thin layer of gold atoms.