is a philosophical movement that developed in the late 1820s and
1830s that arose as a reaction to the general state of intellectualism and
spirituality at that time.

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Answer:

Transcendentalism is a philosophical movement that developed in the late 1820s and 1830s in New England. A core belief is in the inherent goodness of people and nature, and while society and its institutions have corrupted the purity of the individual, people are at their best when truly "self-reliant" and independent.

Explanation:

according to Wikipedia