American Privileges and Immunities: Federalism, the Fourteenth Amendment and the Rights of American Citizenship
What is Fourteenth Amendment ?
- There were very few rights granted to American citizens as privileges and immunities, most of which had to do with interacting with the federal government. For example, citizens had the right to petition Congress and to take advantage of American consulates' protection abroad.
- After the Slaughterhouse ruling, the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment never fully recovered. Even if the minority viewpoint—that the butchers had been denied fundamental rights—eventually won out, it did so on the basis of equal protection and later, due process.
- Finally, using its authority over ordinary interstate commerce, Congress started to defend individual rights.
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