In moving from the outside environment to the inside of a bacterium, the first layer encountered would be Glycocalyx.
The cell coat or outermost first layer of bacterial cells is called the glycocalyx. Glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans make up its composition. It is a network of lipids and membrane proteins connected by polysaccharide chains. On the lumen side, it encircles the vascular endothelial cells.
Various bacterium have varied glycocalyx layers with different compositions and densities. It serves as a protective layer and participates in cell interaction, signalling, and identification.
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