When faced with a threatening situation, the hypothalamus and lower brain structures activate the sympathetic nervous system, which leads to the secretion of catecholamines.
The body's quick, unconscious reaction to hazardous or stressful circumstances is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. The body's attentiveness and heart rate are increased by a sudden surge of hormones, which increases the flow of blood to the muscles. The flight and fight response is controlled by sympathetic nervous system.
Catecholamines are produced by neuroendocrine chromaffin cells, which are found in the adrenal glands and throughout the brain. The adrenal medulla, the region of catecholamine synthesis with the greatest functional significance, contains the highest density of chromaffin cells.
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