The operational definition of a variable explains the variable in terms of the set of procedures used to measure or manipulate it.
An operational definition of a variable is the set of procedures which are used to measure or manipulate it. A good operational definition is clear enough so that an independent researcher could use the same procedure and get the same results.
Here, the the independent variable is the cause. Its value is independent of other variables in your study.
For instance, the operational definition of anxiety could be in terms of a test score, withdrawal from a situation.
Hence, the operational definition of a variable explains the variable in terms of the set of procedures.
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