Loss of DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes in the telomere region may cause cell senescence.
- A chromosome's end contains a stretch of repeating DNA sequences known as a telomere.
- Chromosome ends are shielded from fraying or tangling by telomeres. The telomeres get a little bit shorter every time a cell divides.
- They eventually get so short that the cell can no longer successfully divide, and the cell then perishes.
- With age, telomere length decreases. The health and lifespan of an individual are impacted by the progressive shortening of telomeres, which causes senescence, apoptosis, or oncogenic transformation of somatic cells.
- Reduced survival and higher illness incidence have been linked to shorter telomeres.
- Telomeres shrink by 50–200 bp with each somatic cell division cycle as a result of inadequate synthesis of the lagging strand during DNA replication.
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