The real interest rate adjusts the nominal interest rate for inflation. Price increases, or inflation, can be thought of as the gradual loss of purchasing power.
The average price increase of a selection of products and services over time can serve as a proxy for interest rate at which buying power declines. A unit of currency effectively buys less as a result of the increase in pricing. Deflation, which happens when prices fall and buying power rises, can be compared to inflation. Inflation enables a single value representation of the rise in the cost of goods and services over time in an economy.
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