This is an example of operant conditioning. Contrast classical conditioning with conditioning in which the intended behavior or increasingly near imitations of it are followed by a rewarding or reinforcing stimulus. Through operant conditioning, a connection is established between a behavior and a result (whether favorable or unfavorable).
As an illustration, lab rats are rewarded with food pellets when they press a lever while the green light is on. Positive Reinforcement, Positive Punishment, Negative Reinforcement, and Negative Punishment make up the fundamental four quadrants of the Operant Conditioning Theory. A child receives discipline for engaging in poor homework behavior.
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