Codeine (C18H21NO3) is a weak natural base. A 5.0 x 10-3 M solution of codeine has a pH of 9.95.
Codeine is a morphine-like opioid with approximately 10% the efficiency of morphine. It has rapid oral absorption and 90% bioavailability. These features resulted in it formerly being used considerably as an oral analgesic (1 mg/kg).
Codeine is a morphinane alkaloid observed in the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum var. album; has analgesic, anti-tussive and anti-diarrhoeal properties. It has a role as an opioid analgesic, an antitussive, an opioid receptor agonist, a prodrug, a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant and a drug allergen.
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