In extremely cold regions, woody species may survive freezing temperatures by increasing cytoplasmic levels of specific solute concentrations, such as sugars.
- Woody species can adapt to subfreezing conditions in extremely cold climates by raising the quantities of certain solutes in their cytoplasm, such as sugars, fatty acids, proteins, and amino acids.
- Sugars, particularly sucrose, are held in high concentration during acclimatization to low temperatures and serve as cryoprotectants.
- High oligosaccharide concentrations enhance the cytoplasm's high viscosity in freeze-dehydrated cells, protecting the membranes from potentially harmful interactions.
- When adapted to freezing temperatures, plants that can withstand extremely low temperatures have a higher total lipid content.
- At freezing temperatures, soluble protein and amino acid content also rises.
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