In a closed-end manometer, the mercury level in the arm attached to the flask can never be higher than the mercury level in the other arm, whereas in an open-end manometer, it can be higher.
A manometer that uses mercury as the working fluid is known as a mercury manometer gauge.
The pressure of a gas inside a flask is measured using a mercury manometer. Mercury is at a higher concentration in the arm that is attached to the flask, but the difference in levels is just 43 mm. The pressure at sea level is 737 mmHg.
The open end of an evacuated tube is placed inside an exposed mercury container. The atmospheric pressure counteracts the pressure that the mercury column exerts. Pressure units are used to calibrate the glass tube. A barometer might be made of any liquid, but mercury is preferred due to its high specific gravity.
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