Answer:
1)Czar, sometimes spelled tsar, is an informal title used for certain high-level officials in the United States and United Kingdom, typically granted broad power to address a particular issue.In the United States, czars argenerally executive branch officials appointed by the head of the executive branch (such as the president for the federal government, or the governor of a state). Some czars may require confirmation with Senate approval or not. Some appointees outside the executive branch are called czars as well. Specific instances of the term are often a media creation.In the United Kingdom, the term is more loosely used to refer to high-profile appointments who devote their skills to one particular area.
2 - Most of the reforms of absolutist rulers were concerned with the consolidation of political power under the king, military expansion and reform, and the construction of some sort of national image and/or character.
3- Louis XIV is probably regarded as the best example of absolutism in the seventeenth century because he really pulled his nation out of a struggling time period. He ruled with absolute authority bribing local officials to implement his policies.
4- Prussia and Austria emerged as great powers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries through the establishment of a strong central military structure and through the consolidation of several eastern European kingdoms under the Austrian throne.
5- The modernization of the army and navy was crucial for Russia to become a great power. Russia emerged as a powerful state under the Peter the Great due to his military and social reforms, his various construction projects, and his consolidation and reform of the Russian political system.
