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The gram staining procedure is best described as a Differential staining technique.
The Gram stain, the most widely used staining procedure in bacteriology, is a complex and differential staining procedure. Crystal violet or methylene blue are used as the main colors in gram staining. Gram-positive organisms, when viewed under a microscope, still have their original color and are purple-brown in appearance. While, Gram-negative organisms do not absorb the main stain appear red.
Through a series of staining and decolorization steps, organisms in the Domain Bacteria are differentiated according to cell wall composition. Gram-positive bacteria have cell walls that contain thick layers of peptidoglycan (90% of cell wall). These stain purple. Gram-negative bacteria have walls with thin layers of peptidoglycan (10% of wall), and high lipid content. These stain pink.
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