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a client with diabetic ketoacidosis who is receiving intravenous fluids and insulin reports tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes, and shortness of breath. the nurse identifies a u wave on the cardiac monitor. which electrolyte imbalance is causing these clinical findings?

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Firabaehaqi

Electrolyte imbalance that causing these clinical finding is hypokalemia.

Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is a condition that the serum potassium/ potassium level is low than normal. Normal potassium level is 3.6 - 5.2 mmol/L. Hypokalemia is categorized based on potassium levels, namely:

  • Mild : Serum potassium 3 - 3.4 mmol/L
  • Moderate : Serum potassium 2.5 - 3 mmol/L
  • Severe : Serum potassium <2.5 mmol/L

The causes of hypokalemia itself are:

  • decreased potassium intake
  • increased intracellular uptake of potassium
  • increased potassium loss

In the client, the possible pathophysiology that occurs is increased uptake of potassium into the intracellular. Insulin is one of the hormones that causes potassium shift into the intracellular. But apart from that, diabetic ketoacidosis can also cause hypokalemia. This occurs because of an increase in potassium loss due to diuresis and vomiting.

Signs and symptoms of hypokalemia:

  • Consciousness (lethargic, irritability, confusion, drowsiness)
  • Respiratory (shallow breathing)
  • ECG change (dysrhythmia, U wave, T wave flattening)
  • Neurologic (cramp, tingling, numbness)
  • Low blood pressure

Learn more about electrolyte imbalance here: https://brainly.com/question/28000287

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