The neuron is the basic functional unit of the nervous system.
Like other cells, neurons have a cell body which is called soma. The soma contains the neuron's nucleus. Numerous proteins must be produced by neurons, and the majority of these proteins are also made in the soma. From the cell body, several processes emerge. These include a variety of brief, branching processes called dendrites and a distinct process called the axon that is usually longer than the dendrites. The functioning of the nervous system depends on networks of cooperating neurons because a single neuron is unable to accomplish very much on its own. Circuits that can analyze incoming information and execute a reaction are formed when individual neurons connect to one another to stimulate or inhibit one another's activity. Neuronal circuits can range in complexity from being made up of only a few neurons to more intricate neural networks.
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