The event that sparked the CCP's switch from focusing on Marxist theory to the Patriotic Education Campaign in the education system in 1991 was the Tiananmen Square protests.
The Patriotic Education Campaign was a political campaign that was initiated in 1991 in China but not carried out in full scale until 1994. The main goal of the Patriotic Education Campaign was to enhance cohesion, boost the nation’s spirit, and foster national pride and self esteem. Patriotic Education focuses on young Chinese people and it takes socialism with the party's basic line and Chinese characteristics as the guide.
The aim of the political campaign was to boost the CCP's legitimacy, particularly around the time of the Tiananmen Square protests in 1989.
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