The ketone is added in a drop-wise fashion to a stirring solution of the aldehyde in ethanolic NaOH.
Refer to the reactions below to show the structures of the products formed when all the ketones are added at once to the basic reaction solution. Suppose the product dehydrates naturally. The mechanism of intramolecular aldol reactions involves the formation of a key enolate intermediate followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic addition process.
Aldol condensation occurs with α-hydrogens and aldehydes containing dilute bases to produce β-hydroxy aldehydes called aldols. This reaction is most commonly known as aldol condensation. When a condensation reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds it is called a crossed aldol condensation.
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