The action that demonstrates a shortcoming of virtue-based ethics is: Donating to a charity out of a sense of superiority and ego.
Virtue-based ethics, also known as virtue ethics, focuses on developing virtuous character traits and acting in accordance with those virtues. It emphasizes moral character and the cultivation of virtues such as honesty, kindness, and fairness. In virtue ethics, the right action is determined by considering what a virtuous person would do in a particular situation.
Donating to a charity out of a sense of superiority and ego does not align with the principles of virtue ethics. This action is driven by selfish motives rather than genuine concern for others or a desire to cultivate virtuous character traits. Virtue ethics emphasizes acting out of moral virtues rather than personal gain or a sense of superiority.