First, we have to convert our function (of x) into a function of y (we revolve the curve around the y-axis). So:
[tex]y=100-x^2\\\\x^2=100-y\qquad\bold{(1)}\\\\\boxed{x=\sqrt{100-y}}\qquad\bold{(2)} \\\\\\0\leq x\leq10\\\\y=100-0^2=100\qquad\wedge\qquad y=100-10^2=100-100=0\\\\\boxed{0\leq y\leq100}[/tex]
And the derivative of x:
[tex]x'=\left(\sqrt{100-y}\right)'=\Big((100-y)^\frac{1}{2}\Big)'=\dfrac{1}{2}(100-y)^{-\frac{1}{2}}\cdot(100-y)'=\\\\\\=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{100-y}}\cdot(-1)=\boxed{-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{100-y}}}\qquad\bold{(3)}[/tex]
Now, we can calculate the area of the surface:
[tex]A=2\pi\int\limits_0^{100}\sqrt{100-y}\sqrt{1+\left(-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{100-y}}\right)^2}\,\,dy=\\\\\\= 2\pi\int\limits_0^{100}\sqrt{100-y}\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4(100-y)}}\,\,dy=(\star)[/tex]
We could calculate this integral (not very hard, but long), or use (1), (2) and (3) to get:
[tex](\star)=2\pi\int\limits_0^{100}1\cdot\sqrt{100-y}\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4(100-y)}}\,\,dy=\left|\begin{array}{c}1=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{100-y}}{-2\sqrt{100-y}}\end{array}\right|= \\\\\\= 2\pi\int\limits_0^{100}\dfrac{-2\sqrt{100-y}}{-2\sqrt{100-y}}\cdot\sqrt{100-y}\cdot\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4(100-y)}}\,\,dy=\\\\\\ 2\pi\int\limits_0^{100}-2\sqrt{100-y}\cdot\sqrt{100-y}\cdot\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4(100-y)}}\cdot\dfrac{dy}{-2\sqrt{100-y}}=\\\\\\[/tex]
[tex]=2\pi\int\limits_0^{100}-2\big(100-y\big)\cdot\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4(100-y)}}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{100-y}}\, dy\right)\stackrel{\bold{(1)}\bold{(2)}\bold{(3)}}{=}\\\\\\= \left|\begin{array}{c}x=\sqrt{100-y}\\\\x^2=100-y\\\\dx=-\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{100-y}}\, \,dy\\\\a=0\implies a'=\sqrt{100-0}=10\\\\b=100\implies b'=\sqrt{100-100}=0\end{array}\right|=\\\\\\= 2\pi\int\limits_{10}^0-2x^2\cdot\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4x^2}}\,\,dx=(\text{swap limits})=\\\\\\[/tex]
[tex]=2\pi\int\limits_0^{10}2x^2\cdot\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4x^2}}\,\,dx= 4\pi\int\limits_0^{10}\sqrt{x^4}\cdot\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{4x^2}}\,\,dx=\\\\\\= 4\pi\int\limits_0^{10}\sqrt{x^4+\dfrac{x^4}{4x^2}}\,\,dx= 4\pi\int\limits_0^{10}\sqrt{x^4+\dfrac{x^2}{4}}\,\,dx=\\\\\\= 4\pi\int\limits_0^{10}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{4}\left(4x^2+1\right)}\,\,dx= 4\pi\int\limits_0^{10}\dfrac{x}{2}\sqrt{4x^2+1}\,\,dx=\\\\\\=\boxed{2\pi\int\limits_0^{10}x\sqrt{4x^2+1}\,dx} [/tex]
Calculate indefinite integral:
[tex]\int x\sqrt{4x^2+1}\,dx=\int\sqrt{4x^2+1}\cdot x\,dx=\left|\begin{array}{c}t=4x^2+1\\\\dt=8x\,dx\\\\\dfrac{dt}{8}=x\,dx\end{array}\right|=\int\sqrt{t}\cdot\dfrac{dt}{8}=\\\\\\=\dfrac{1}{8}\int t^\frac{1}{2}\,dt=\dfrac{1}{8}\cdot\dfrac{t^{\frac{1}{2}+1}}{\frac{1}{2}+1}=\dfrac{1}{8}\cdot\dfrac{t^\frac{3}{2}}{\frac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{2}{8\cdot3}\cdot t^\frac{3}{2}=\boxed{\dfrac{1}{12}\left(4x^2+1\right)^\frac{3}{2}}[/tex]
And the area:
[tex]A=2\pi\int\limits_0^{10}x\sqrt{4x^2+1}\,dx=2\pi\cdot\dfrac{1}{12}\bigg[\left(4x^2+1\right)^\frac{3}{2}\bigg]_0^{10}=\\\\\\= \dfrac{\pi}{6}\left[\big(4\cdot10^2+1\big)^\frac{3}{2}-\big(4\cdot0^2+1\big)^\frac{3}{2}\right]=\dfrac{\pi}{6}\Big(\big401^\frac{3}{2}-1^\frac{3}{2}\Big)=\boxed{\dfrac{401^\frac{3}{2}-1}{6}\pi}[/tex]
Answer D.
