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This question requires a list of set of compounds (answer choices) from which choose the set that would form a buffer is aqueous solution.

I found this list:

1) HCN and NaCN
2) HCN and HCl
3) HCl and NaOH
4) NaCN and NaOH

Now you must apply the rules to determine which pairs may form a buffer solution.

A buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid with its conjugate-base or a mixture of a weak base with its conjugate base.

You can disscard quickly 2, 3, and 4 because HCl is a strong acid, and NaOH is a strong base.

So, the only option is the first one:HCN and NaCN.

Indeed HCN is a weak acid and CN- is its conjugate base, so they will form a buffer.

Other set of compounds that would form a buffer, and tha is frequent in this kind of questions, is:

HF (a weak acid) and NaF (F- is the conjugate-base of HF).

ardni313

The set that would form a buffer:

HF and NaF

HCOOH and HCOONa

HCOOH and HCOOK

HCN and KCN

HF and KF

HCN and NaCN

Further explanation

A buffer solution is a solution that can maintain a good pH value due to the addition of a little acid or a little base or dilution. A buffer solution can also be called a buffer

The buffer solution can be acidic or basic

Acid buffer solution consists of weak acids and their salts (conjugate bases)

Base buffer solution consists of a weak base and its salt (conjugated acid).

  • If the buffer solution is acidic then

the addition of a little acid (H⁺) will be balanced by the conjugate base

the addition of a small base (OH⁻) will be balanced by the weak acid

  • If the buffer solution is alkaline then

the addition of a little acid (H⁺) will be balanced weak base

the addition of a small base (OH⁻) will be balanced by the conjugate acid

There are several sets of compounds that are possible to complete the above questions:

1. NaF and KF

2. HBr and NaBr

3. HF and NaF

4. HCOOH and HCOONa

5. HF and KCN

6. KF and KOH

7. NaBr and KBr

8. HCOOH and HCOOK

9. HCN and KCN

10. NaCl and KCl

11. HCN and NaF

12. NaBr and KBr

13. HCl and HClO

14. HF and KF

15. NaF and NaOH

16. NaCl and KCl

17. HCN and NaCN

From these choices we determine which one has a weak acid/base pair and its conjugation:

1. Both are salt - not

2. HBr strong acids - no

3. HF is weak acid and conjugates F- --- buffer

4. HCOOH is a weak acid and conjunctions are HCOO--- buffer

5. HF is a weak acid, KCN is not the conjugate base - no

6. KOH strong base - no

7. Both are salt - no

8. HCOOH is a weak acid and its conjugation is HCOO - buffer

9. Weak acid HCN and conjugate CN---buffer

10. Both are salt - no

11. HCN is a weak acid, NaF is not a conjugate base - no

12. Both are salt - no

13. HCl Strong acid - no

14. The weak acid HF and conjugate F-base --- buffer

15. NaOH strong base --- no

16. Both are salt - no

17. Weak acid HCN and conjugate CN---buffer

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Keywords: buffer, weak acid, the conjugate base

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