Answer:
Explanation: To calculate the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) using the Widmark formula, you need to know the person's weight, the amount of alcohol consumed, and their gender. The formula is different for males and females due to differences in metabolism.
1. For a biological male with a BAC of 0.05 and a weight of 90 kg, we first need to convert the weight to grams. Since 1 kg equals 1000 grams, the weight in grams would be 90,000 grams.
2. To calculate the alcohol present in the body, use the Widmark formula:
Alcohol in grams = BAC * Weight in grams * 0.68
Plugging in the values, we have:
Alcohol in grams = 0.05 * 90,000 * 0.68
3. Calculate the result:
Alcohol in grams = 3,060 grams
Therefore, the amount of alcohol present in the body for a biological male with a BAC of 0.05 and weighing 90 kg is 3,060 grams.
Now, let's address the next parts of the question:
19b. To calculate the alcohol present in the body for a biological female, you would use a different constant in the Widmark formula. Instead of 0.68, the constant for females is 0.55. Repeat the steps mentioned above, but use 0.55 instead of 0.68 in the formula.
20. To calculate the alcohol present in urine, the Widmark formula is not applicable. Urine analysis does not directly measure the BAC. Instead, it may detect the presence of certain metabolites or markers to indicate alcohol consumption. Different tests are used for urine analysis, such as EtG (ethyl glucuronide) or EtS (ethyl sulfate) tests, which can detect alcohol consumption in the past few days.
In summary, the Widmark formula can be used to calculate the alcohol present in the body for a biological male or female, but different constants are used. However, urine analysis does not directly measure the BAC and requires specific tests to detect alcohol consumption.
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