Answer: Large states wanted representation by population, but small states wanted equal representation by state.
Explanation From Internet:
The Great Compromise was a heated dispute during the 1787 Constitutional Convention. The conflict was between large states, which wanted representation by population, and small states, which wanted equal representation by state. The Great Compromise established the House of Representatives, which is apportioned by population, and the Senate, which represents the states equally.
The Anti-Federalists objected to the consolidation of government power in a national Congress, fearing it could destroy state legislative power.
